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Calcium signaling is crucial for regulating plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses, particularly pathogen attacks. This review explores the role of calcium ions in plant immune responses, detailing the molecular mechanisms of calcium-mediated signaling and its interaction with hormonal pathways, ROS signaling, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. It also discusses calcium-based strategies for sustainable disease management, such as calcium channel blockers and chelators, while addressing challenges and future directions in understanding calcium signaling in plant-pathogen interactions to enhance plant immunity and food security.

Source from: https://doi.org/10.18686/ppas.v6i1.2219