Comparative Financial Analysis of HSBC Holdings, Royal Dutch Shell, and Unilever
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive comparative financial analysis of HSBC Holdings, Royal Dutch Shell, and Unilever between 2017 and 2021. Utilising financial ratios, the analysis enc ompasses liquidity, profitability, and market value assessments. Over the five-year period, all three companies demonstrated increasing liquidity positions, with HSBC Holdings outperforming its peers. Profitability analysis revealed Royal Dutch Shell's consistent net profit margin and returns on assets and equity, while Unilever displayed progressive profitability growth. In terms of market value, HSBC Holdings and Unilever experienced remarkable increases in earnings per share, while Royal Dutch Shell maintained stability. The article concludes with investment recommendations favouring all three companies for income-oriented investors, due to their strong financial performance and attractive dividend yields.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18686/aat.v5i1.1672
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